The Science Quiz: Scientists and pseudoscience

Visual: Name this Nobel laureate who, among other things, minimised the role of HIV in causing AIDS and said DNA emitted low-frequency signals that could leave a “memory” in water.

Q: Visual: Name this Nobel laureate who, among other things, minimised the role of HIV in causing AIDS and said DNA emitted low-frequency signals that could leave a “memory” in water.

A: Luc Montagnier

Q: In the US, a notorious public health project in the mid-20th century allowed hundreds of Black men to go untreated for decades, despite effective medication existing, so that officials could observe the “natural course” of syphilis. What was this study called?

A: Tuskegee syphilis study

Q: During the Second World War, a doctor of the paramilitary organisation Schutzstaffel was notorious for experimenting on twins at Auschwitz. He became infamous for his brutal procedures, often performed without anaesthesia, under the guise of advancing genetic and racial science. Who was this physician?

A: Josef Mengele

Q: One of the co-discoverers of DNA’s double helix structure later courted major controversy for claiming that the alleged differences in intelligence between races could be explained by individuals’ genes — a stance that has become widely discredited and condemned. Name this scientist.

A: James D. Watson

Q: In the Soviet Union, one agronomist rose to power by rejecting Mendelian genetics in favour of theories about environmentally acquired traits. As a result, agricultural science in the country was set back and led to devastating famines. Who was this figure?

A: Trofim Lysenko

Q: During World War II, a covert Japanese military unit in occupied Manchuria conducted gruesome wartime experiments on prisoners, including deliberately infecting them with plague and frostbite, in the name of biological warfare research. What was this unit called?

A: Unit 731

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